Monday, June 30, 2008

Rubrics, Reservation & Mass

Recently, there has been debate on a particular blog that calls into question the use of medieval rubrics (i.e. hyper-ritualism) in the Lutheran Divine Service. This was followed by post that states that Lutherans do not practice Reservation of the Blessed Sacrament. Then followed a postulation that the Real Presence of our Lord's Body and Blood evaporates from the bread and wine at the end of the service (the benediction). This was then followed by a suggestion that is it is (almost) un-Lutheran to refer to the Divine Service as the Mass. I have no problem with the various comments that were posted in reply to these questions; but I do have a few problems with the original statements.

Rubrics, in and of themselves, have no bearing on the validity or efficacy of the sacrament being celebrated. It was also suggested that we should not adopt or adapt outdated Roman rubrics or invent new rubrics where none exist (as in the LSB).

Rubrics are the directions that keep everything on track. They are the outline and framework that defines the basic form and pace of the service. Just because a particular rubric is absent from an approved service book (LSB), this is not to be understood as a suppression of that particular rubric. The historical rubrics of he Western Rite are as much the rubrics of the Lutheran Church as they are of the Roman Church. We can and should use those that instruct and edify; but reject those that compromise the Gospel.

The suggestion that the bread and wine of the Eucharist cease being the Body and Blood of Christ when the Service is concluded has all of the marks of a receptionist theology. Granted, this post began by stating that Lutherans oppose the practice of reserving the Sacrament. It was said that Luther himself forbade the practice.

Even in the light of extra usum nullum sacramentum, I cannot comprehend the idea that the Body and Blood of Christ in His Holy Sacrament has a shelf life or an expiration date. Unless I am persuaded by Scripture that this is indeed so, I prefer to err by reserving the Relique rather than to err by assuming that the Real Presence expires at the end of Mass. Without proof, I will not impose limits upon the word and power of Christ.

To debate the use of the word/name Mass in Lutheran circles is akin to Don Quixote tilting as windmills. Luther and the Reformation fathers retained both the word and the liturgy called the Mass. If we are to be advised to abandon the use of this word because it has too much baggage attached to it, I would suggest that much of this baggage might have been attached thereto by those who do not understand the proper use of this term.

Saturday, April 05, 2008

Misericordia(s) Domini

"Misericordia Domini plena est terra."

In Lutheran circles, this is a typo that may live forever.

In the Western Rite all of the Masses celebrated during the year are named according to the opening words of their Latin Introits. Thus, Masses are referred to by their name, not by the day on which they are celebrated. This is especially true when references are made to the various Masses for Feast Days (the Common Masses).

Lutherans assign names to the Sundays in Advent, in Lent and from Easter to the Ascension; but these are only an exception. To review the names of every Sunday of the year, look at the Calendar posted on LexOrandi.org.

It is my opinion that this typo is a carry-over from the Kirchen-Agende printed by CPH in 1922. The Evangelical Lutheran Hymn Book (CPH, 1924) retained this typo as does The Lutheran Hymnal (CPH, 1941). The Service Book and Hymnal (as recently as 1979 printing) does not contain this typo. Since I do not have a copy of the LSB, I do not know if the LSB perpetuates this typo; but I know that LSB users do perpetuate it.

Now, while I am on a roll, I will jump ahead to the Third Sunday after Easter - Rogate. Following the naming convention mentioned above, only the CPH 1922 Kirchen-Agende bows to tradition. i.e "Am fünften Sontag nach Ostern, genannt Rogate, oder Vocem Jucunditatis. "With a voice of singing...", as the introit says.

This may be nit picking; but what else is a traditionalist supposed to do?

Thursday, March 06, 2008

The Paschal Candle

In that Easter is little more than two weeks away, I have posted an article written by the Rev. Kenneth E. Runge, pastor of Zion Lutheran Church (1939 - 1974), Detroit, Michigan. In this article, Fr. Runge explains the features of the Paschal CandlePrincipal Features of the Paschal Candle and Their Spiritual Significance.

The title of this post links directly to this article.

Your comments are always appreciated.


Friday, February 22, 2008

An Announcement

I am happy to announce the resurrection of the BOC Journal website which is dedicated to the publication of "The Bride of Christ" and Lutheran Liturgical Renewal.

You are invited to visit the web site to read the full announcement.

A companion blog has been created for the purpose of discussing issues related to the journal and Lutheran Liturgical Renewal. The web page announcement lists several suggestions for discussion topics.

Please visit these sites and give us your suggestions as we rebuild the Journal.

Wednesday, January 02, 2008

The Sanctus and Beyond

In the Lutheran use, from the Sanctus onward the liturgy consists of common forms that do not vary as do the propers of the day. There may be two or three options regarding post-Communion collects; but the variations are still of the common.

Deferring to Fr. Eckardt's Liturgical Seminar, I will offer a few alternatives to his remarks on the remaining portions of the Liturgy.

Concerning the Sanctus, I am in agreement. It is good to note that he recommends a low bow during the Seraphic ascription (Holy, holy, holy,...), and indicates an erect posture during the Hosanna. Again, a slight bow is made at Blessed is He...., and erect again for the final Hosanna. In many places it seems to be the custom to retain a bowed posture until the beginning of the Blessed is He.... To me, this is akin to shouting "Hurrah!" while maintaining a submissive posture.

Concerning the Our Father, Luther and St. Gregory aside, I may not fully agree that the Our Father has a consecratory nature. As for Piepkorn's discouragement of ringing bells (ie. the Prayer Bell) during its recitation, Rubrics for the Ringing of Tower Bells directs that "The bell shall be rung throughout the praying of the Lord's Prayer in Divine Worship at whatever place in the Liturgy or Orders it may be said, Whether morning or evening, Sunday or weekday."

I do, however, lament the post-Vatican II change that gave the Our Father to the entire congregation, at least during the Mass and the Baptismal rite. If the Lord's Prayer does have a consecratorial (or blessing) aspect, it seems strange to have the entire congregation participate in this consecration or blessing. However, I can imagine the reaction if we would "remove" the Lord's Prayer from the general congregation and restore the former use of The Lutheran Hymnal.

From this point on, the remainder of the Liturgy does not vary. The only variables are the ceremonies attached to these stages of the Liturgy. The Verba, the Pax, the Agnus Dei, distribution and post-distribution remain the same. The Ablutions may be taken at the altar or may done in the sacristy after Mass. The Nunc Dimittis and post-Communion collect remain unchanging, with established exceptions.


At this point I would ask for your comments on two points.

1. I have a copy of Propers of the Service for the Church Year, set to Gregorian Psalm-Tones, by Albert Olai Christensen and Harold Edward Schuneman. These are based upon the Common Service Book, and was published by H. W. Gray Company, date not available.

When/why did Lutherans discontinue the use of the Proper Offertories, especially for Sundays?

2. When/why did Lutherans discontinue the use of Proper Post-Communion Collects, especially for Sundays? I know that the proper post-Communions for Saint's days tend to be sacrificial in nature; but the Sunday collects are generally oriented to the Gospel of the day.

I await your comments.

Sunday, December 30, 2007

The Announcement of Movable Feasts at Epiphany

On Epiphany, after the reading of the Gospel, the traditional announcement of the movable holy days of the church year may be made in the following form:

"Dearly beloved brethren, ye shall know that as we have rejoiced in the Birth of our Lord Jesus Christ, so there is announced to you by the mercy of God the joyous observance of the Resurrection of the same our Savior:

January 20th is Septuagesima Sunday.

On February 6th, Ash Wednesday begins the most holy season of Lent.

On March 23rd, we shall celebrate with great rejoicing the holy Easter Festival of our Lord Jesus Christ.

May 1st is the Feast of the Ascension of Our Lord Jesus Christ.

May 11th is the Feast of Pentecost.

November 30th is the First Sunday in the Advent of Our Lord Jesus Christ, to Whom be honor and glory, world without end. Amen."

Wednesday, December 12, 2007

The Preface and Proper Preface.

Others, especially Fr. Eckardt on his Liturgy Seminar, have addressed the Hymn of the Day, the Sermon, the Prayer of the Church and the Offertory. I will move directly to the Preface and Proper Preface.

The text of the Preface presents a curiosity.

In Latin, it reads Vere dignum et justum est, aquum et salutare,...

In German, it reads Es ist in Wahrheit würdig und recht, billig und heilsam,... or Wahrhaft würdig und recht, billig und heilsam ist es,...

All of the Englich liturgies with which I am familiar render this It is truely meet (good), right and salutary,... I welcome your comments on this point.

Concerning the Proper Preface, I offer the following:

I do agree with Fr. Eckardt that the Proper Prefaces for the seasons have suffered lack of uniformity. I disagree with Fr. Eckardt regarding the divisions of the lengthy Trinity season. Although sub-dividing Trinity Tide into St. John's Tide, St. Laurence Tide, and Michaelmas Tide, may have historic precedent, it has not been done since 1570. In addition, the trend to number Sundays after (in) St. John's Tide and St. Laurence Tide and after Michaelmas, seems innovative.

The seasonal Proper Prefaces also suffer when, following the understanding that every Sunday is a little Easter, a proper Sunday preface with Easter overtones is used during Trinity Tide whenever the historic preface seems to have been suppressed.

I have listed the historic Proper Prefaces, including a few that do not appear in TLH, in the Orde Missae on LexOrandi.

Here again, I welcome your comments.